The Oracle RDBMS typically relies on a group of processes running simultaneously in the background and interacting to further and monitor database operations. Such processes (and their standard abbreviations) can include:[12]
- archiver processes (ARCn)
- checkpoint process (CKPT)
- coordinator-of-job-queues process (CJQn): dynamically spawns slave processes for job-queues
- database writer processes (DBWn)
- dispatcher processes (Dnnn): multiplex server-processes on behalf of users
- memory-manager process (MMAN): used for internal database tasks such as Automatic Shared Memory Management
- log-writer process (LGWR)
- log-write network-server (LNSn): transmits redo logs in Data Guard environments
- logical standby coordinator process (LSP0): controls Data Guard log-application
- media-recovery process (MRP): detached recovery-server process
- memory-monitor process (MMON)
- memory-monitor light process (MMNL): gathers and stores Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) data
- process-monitor process (PMON)
- process-spawner (PSP0): spawns Oracle processes
- queue-monitor processes (QMNn)
- recoverer process (RECO)
- remote file-server process (RFS)
- shared server processes (Snnn): serve client-requests
- system monitor process (SMON)
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